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TEC-9 Guns – By State

TEC-9

TEC-9 Regulations and Updates By States

Regulating TEC-9 Guns: Legal Issues and State Responses

TEC-9 is a type of semiautomatic pistol that has been known for its high rate of fire, large magazine capacity, and relative ease of modification, which enables it to be used as a weapon of mass shooting. While the TEC-9 was banned under federal law from 1994 to 2004 as part of the assault weapons ban, it has remained legal to own and sell in most states, subject to varying degrees of regulation. In the wake of various mass shootings in recent years, some states have sought to tighten their laws on TEC-9 guns, either by banning them outright or by imposing additional restrictions on their possession and use. This article examines the legal issues surrounding TEC-9 gun regulations in the five biggest states by population: California, Texas, Florida, New York, and Pennsylvania.

California

California has some of the strictest gun laws in the country, and TEC-9 guns are no exception. Since 1989, California has banned the sale, transfer, importation, or possession of any semiautomatic pistol that has a detachable magazine and at least two of the following features: a threaded barrel, a second handgrip, or a folding or telescoping stock. These features, known as “evil features,” are deemed to enhance the weapon’s firing capacity and make it more dangerous to public safety. The original TEC-9 gun had all three features, and thus was banned in California as an assault weapon.

However, the manufacturer of the TEC-9, Intratec, later modified the design to remove some of the evil features, such as the threaded barrel and the folding stock, and marketed the new model as the TEC-DC9. This variant, although functionally similar to the TEC-9, was not covered by the California ban on assault weapons, as it lacked the requisite number of evil features. In response, California enacted a new law in 1999, known as the Roberti-Roos Assault Weapons Control Act, which expanded the definition of assault weapons to include semiautomatic pistols with a magazine capacity of more than 10 rounds and one or more evil features. The TEC-DC9 and other similar guns were thus banned in California as assault weapons.

In addition to the assault weapons ban, California has other laws that regulate TEC-9 guns. For example, California prohibits the manufacture, sale, or possession of magazines that can hold more than 10 rounds of ammunition, unless the magazine was possessed by the owner before the ban took effect. This means that TEC-9 guns with high-capacity magazines are generally illegal in California, even if they do not have any evil features. Moreover, California requires a background check and a ten-day waiting period for all firearms sales, including those made by private parties, and has a system of firearm registration that requires gun owners to report their acquisitions and transfers of firearms to the Department of Justice.

Despite these strict regulations, TEC-9 guns have been used in several mass shootings in California, including the 1993 shooting at a San Francisco law office that killed eight people and wounded six others, and the 2013 shooting at Santa Monica College that killed five people and wounded four others. In response, some advocates have called for even stricter regulations or a ban on all semiautomatic guns, while others have opposed any further encroachments on the Second Amendment rights of law-abiding gun owners.

Texas

Texas, on the other hand, has some of the most permissive gun laws in the country, and TEC-9 guns are legal to own and sell without any additional restrictions, except for certain limitations on their public carrying. Texas law allows any law-abiding citizen who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party. There is no waiting period for gun sales in Texas, and no requirement for registration or licensing of gun owners or guns. In fact, Texas law prohibits any state or local agency from maintaining a list or registry of persons who own firearms or ammunition.

However, Texas has some restrictions on the public carrying of firearms, including TEC-9 guns. In most public places, including schools, government buildings, and public events, it is illegal to openly carry a handgun, including a TEC-9, unless the person has a license to carry a handgun issued by the state. Texas law also allows private property owners to prohibit the carrying of guns on their premises, and allows employers to restrict the carrying of guns by their employees while on duty. However, Texas law generally allows the concealed carrying of handguns by licensed individuals, subject to certain restrictions and prohibitions, such as near certain sensitive locations or in a reckless or negligent manner.

Despite the relatively permissive gun laws in Texas, TEC-9 guns have been used in several high-profile shootings, including the 1991 shooting at a Killeen cafeteria that killed 23 people and injured 20 others, one of the deadliest mass shootings in U.S. history, as well as the 2019 shooting in El Paso that killed 23 people and wounded 23 others. In response, some advocates have called for greater gun control measures, such as universal background checks and child access prevention laws, while others have emphasized the need for more good guys with guns to stop bad guys with guns.

Florida

Florida has been the site of several mass shootings in recent years, and TEC-9 guns have been used in some of them. In response, Florida has adopted some new laws and regulations on gun ownership and possession, although these measures have been overshadowed by controversies over other issues, such as mental health and school safety. While Florida has a state preemption law that prohibits local governments from enacting gun laws that are more restrictive than state law, it also has some statewide laws that place additional requirements on TEC-9 guns and other firearms.

One of these laws is the Firearms Owners’ Privacy Act, which prohibits doctors from asking their patients about their gun ownership or recording such information in their medical records, unless it is directly relevant to the patient’s health or safety. This law was challenged in court by the American Academy of Pediatrics as a violation of free speech and equal protection rights, but the Supreme Court of Florida upheld most of the law in 2017. However, the court struck down a provision that prohibited doctors from “harassing” their patients about their gun ownership, as being unconstitutionally vague and overbroad.

Another law that affects TEC-9 guns in Florida is the 3-day waiting period for all firearms sales, which was enacted in 2018 after the shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland that killed 17 people and injured 17 others. The waiting period, which applies to all handguns, rifles, and shotguns, is intended to give law enforcement officials more time to conduct background checks and to deter impulsive or emotionally charged firearms purchases. However, the law has been challenged by the National Rifle Association as a violation of the Second Amendment and Florida law, and is currently being litigated in federal court.

New York

New York is another state that has enacted strict gun laws, including those that regulate TEC-9 guns. Since 2013, New York has banned the sale, possession, or transfer of any semiautomatic pistol that has a magazine capacity of more than seven rounds, including the TEC-9 gun. The law also imposes additional restrictions on the ownership and use of guns, such as requiring a background check for all firearms sales, prohibiting the possession of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as those convicted of certain crimes or diagnosed with certain mental illnesses, and requiring a license to carry a concealed handgun in public.

Moreover, New York has a “safe storage” law that imposes criminal liability on gun owners who fail to securely store their firearms from unauthorized access by minors or other unauthorized users. This law was challenged in court by gun owners and the National Rifle Association as a violation of the Second Amendment and the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, but the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit upheld the law in 2021 as a reasonable safety regulation that did not burden the core right of self-defense.

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania has a more lenient gun control regime than its neighboring states of New York and New Jersey, but has some restrictions on TEC-9 guns and other firearms. Pennsylvania law prohibits the possession or transfer of any firearm that has been modified to be fully automatic or to have a silencer or other device designed to muffle the report of the firearm. Pennsylvania also requires a background check for all handgun sales, including those made by private parties, but does not require a license to carry a concealed handgun in public, except in some cities like Philadelphia.

In addition, Pennsylvania has some restrictions on the public carrying of firearms, including TEC-9 guns. While Pennsylvania generally allows the open carrying of firearms in public without a license, it prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as schools, courthouses, and airports, and allows private property owners to prohibit the carrying of guns on their premises. Pennsylvania law also allows law enforcement officials to temporarily seize firearms from persons who are deemed to pose a threat to themselves or others, through a process known as “extreme risk protection orders.”

Illinois

Illinois has some of the strictest gun laws in the Midwest, and TEC-9 guns are among the firearms that are subject to regulation. Illinois law defines assault weapons as semiautomatic rifles, pistols, and shotguns that have a detachable magazine and one or more specified features, including a second handgrip, a folding stock, or a barrel shroud. The TEC-9 gun, with its detachable magazine and second handgrip, falls under this definition and is thus banned as an assault weapon in Illinois. Moreover, Illinois requires a Firearm Owners Identification (FOID) card for all firearms possession and acquisition, including TEC-9 guns, and has various restrictions on the public carrying of firearms, including a prohibition on carrying guns in specific locations and an enhanced penalty for carrying guns in public transit facilities.

Ohio

Ohio has a “shall-issue” system for concealed handgun licenses, which allows any law-abiding resident who meets certain qualifications, such as training and background checks, to obtain a license to carry a concealed handgun, including a TEC-9 gun. Ohio law also prohibits the possession or use of any firearm while under the influence of drugs or alcohol, and imposes criminal penalties for selling or transferring firearms to persons who are ineligible due to their criminal or mental health record. Moreover, Ohio requires a background check for all firearms sales by licensed dealers, but does not require such checks for private party sales, transfers, or gifts.

Michigan

Michigan prohibits the sale or possession of any semiautomatic pistol that has a barrel shroud, which is a covering that partially or completely encircles the barrel and allows the user to hold the firearm with a non-trigger hand without burning himself or herself. The TEC-9 gun, with its barrel shroud, is thus prohibited in Michigan, as an assault weapon. Michigan also imposes criminal penalties for selling or transferring firearms to persons who are ineligible due to their criminal or mental health record, and requires a background check for all firearms sales, except for certain family members or temporary transfers.

Georgia

Georgia has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Georgia law allows any resident who is at least 21 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to obtain a license to carry a concealed handgun, including a TEC-9 gun, in most public places, except for certain sensitive locations, such as schools, government buildings, and nuclear power plants. Georgia law also allows private property owners to prohibit the carrying of guns on their premises, and allows employers to restrict the carrying of guns by their employees while on duty. Moreover, Georgia law does not require a waiting period for firearms sales or registration or licensing of firearms or gun owners, but does require a background check for all firearms sales by licensed dealers.

North Carolina

North Carolina, like Georgia, has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. North Carolina law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party. North Carolina also allows the open carrying of firearms in public places, with some exceptions, and the concealed carrying of handguns by licensed individuals, subject to certain restrictions and prohibitions, such as near certain sensitive locations or in a reckless or negligent manner. However, North Carolina law does prohibit the possession or use of firearms on school grounds or at school activities, with certain exemptions for law enforcement officials, security personnel, and other persons with a lawful purpose. North Carolina also requires a background check for all firearms sales by licensed dealers, but does not require such checks for private party sales or transfers.

Virginia

Virginia has some of the least restrictive gun laws in the country, but has recently enacted some new measures in response to mass shootings. TEC-9 guns are legal to own and sell in Virginia, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Virginia law allows any resident who is at least 21 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. However, Virginia law now requires a background check for all firearms sales, including those made by private parties, through a universal background check system that became effective in July 2020. Virginia law also prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as schools and government buildings, and allows private property owners to prohibit the carrying of guns on their premises.

Arizona

Arizona has some of the most permissive gun laws in the country, and TEC-9 guns are legal to own and sell without any additional restrictions, except for certain limitations on their public carrying. Arizona law allows any law-abiding resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Arizona law also allows the open carrying of firearms in public places, without a license, and the concealed carrying of handguns by licensed individuals, subject to certain restrictions and prohibitions, such as near certain sensitive locations or in a reckless or negligent manner. However, Arizona law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as schools and jails, and allows private property owners to prohibit the carrying of guns on their premises.

Indiana

Indiana has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Indiana law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Indiana law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in public places, with some exceptions, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Indiana law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and airports, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and domestic abusers.

Tennessee

Tennessee has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Tennessee law allows any resident who is at least 21 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Tennessee law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Tennessee law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as schools, government buildings, and private property where the owner has prohibited guns.

Alabama

Alabama has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Alabama law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Alabama law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Alabama law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and airports, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and domestic abusers.

Louisiana

Louisiana has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Louisiana law allows any resident who is at least 21 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Louisiana law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Louisiana law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as schools, bars, and houses of worship, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and domestic abusers.

Colorado

Colorado has a relatively moderate gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Colorado law requires a background check for all firearms sales by licensed dealers, including those made at gun shows, and extended this requirement to private party sales in 2019, through a law known as the “gun show loophole” closure. Colorado law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Colorado law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as schools, government buildings, and private property where the owner has prohibited guns.

Washington

Washington has a relatively strict gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are among the firearms that are subject to regulation. Washington law defines assault weapons as semiautomatic rifles, pistols, and shotguns that have one or more of several specified features, including a detachable magazine, a second handgrip, or a barrel shroud. The TEC-9 gun, with its detachable magazine and second handgrip, falls under this definition and is thus banned as an assault weapon in Washington. Washington law also requires a background check for all firearms sales, including those made by private parties, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and domestic abusers.

Massachusetts

Massachusetts has some of the strictest gun laws in the country, and TEC-9 guns are among the firearms that are subject to regulation. Massachusetts law defines assault weapons as semiautomatic rifles and pistols that have one or more specified features, including a detachable magazine, a second handgrip, or a barrel shroud. The TEC-9 gun, with its detachable magazine and second handgrip, falls under this definition and is thus banned as an assault weapon in Massachusetts. Massachusetts law also requires a firearms identification card for all firearms possession and acquisition, including TEC-9 guns, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and the mentally ill. Massachusetts law also bans the sale or possession of magazines that can hold more than 10 rounds of ammunition.

Maryland

Maryland has a relatively strict gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are among the firearms that are subject to regulation. Maryland law defines assault weapons as semiautomatic rifles and pistols that have one or more specified features, including a detachable magazine, a second handgrip, or a barrel shroud. The TEC-9 gun, with its detachable magazine and second handgrip, falls under this definition and is thus banned as an assault weapon in Maryland. Maryland law also requires a background check and a seven-day waiting period for all firearms sales, including those made by private parties, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and anyone who has been involuntarily committed to a mental health institution.

Connecticut

Connecticut has some of the strictest gun laws in the country, and TEC-9 guns are among the firearms that are subject to regulation. Connecticut law defines assault weapons as semiautomatic rifles, pistols, and shotguns that have one or more specified features, including a detachable magazine, a second handgrip, or a barrel shroud. The TEC-9 gun, with its detachable magazine and second handgrip, falls under this definition and is thus banned as an assault weapon in Connecticut. Connecticut law also requires a permit to purchase or carry any handgun, including TEC-9 guns, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been involuntarily committed to a mental health facility. Connecticut law also bans the sale or possession of magazines that can hold more than 10 rounds of ammunition.

New Jersey

New Jersey has some of the strictest gun laws in the country, and TEC-9 guns are among the firearms that are subject to regulation. New Jersey law defines assault firearms as semiautomatic rifles, pistols, and shotguns that have one or more specified features, including a detachable magazine, a second handgrip, or a barrel shroud. The TEC-9 gun, with its detachable magazine and second handgrip, falls under this definition and is thus banned as an assault firearm in New Jersey. New Jersey law also requires a permit to purchase or carry any handgun, including TEC-9 guns, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been involuntarily committed to a mental health facility. New Jersey law also limits the magazine capacity of firearms to 10 rounds.

Hawaii

Hawaii has some of the strictest gun laws in the country, and TEC-9 guns are among the firearms that are subject to regulation. Hawaii law defines assault pistols as semiautomatic pistols that have one or more specified features, including a magazine that can hold more than 10 rounds, a barrel shroud, or a second handgrip. The TEC-9 gun, with its detachable magazine and second handgrip, falls under this definition and is thus banned as an assault pistol in Hawaii. Hawaii law also requires a permit to purchase or carry any handgun, including TEC-9 guns, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill. Hawaii law also prohibits the open carrying of firearms in public places.

Alaska

Alaska has some of the most permissive gun laws in the country, and TEC-9 guns are legal to own and sell without any additional restrictions, except for certain limitations on their public carrying. Alaska law allows any law-abiding resident who is at least 21 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Alaska law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, without a license, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Alaska law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and airports, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and domestic abusers.

Kansas

Kansas has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Kansas law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Kansas law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Kansas law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and jails, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

Oklahoma

Oklahoma has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Oklahoma law allows any resident who is at least 21 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Oklahoma law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Oklahoma law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and airports, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

Utah

Utah has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Utah law allows any resident who is at least 21 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Utah law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Utah law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and airports, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been involuntarily committed to a mental health facility.

Arkansas

Arkansas has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Arkansas law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Arkansas law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Arkansas law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses, airports, and bars, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

Delaware

Delaware has a relatively strict gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are among the firearms that are subject to regulation. Delaware law defines assault weapons as semiautomatic rifles and pistols that have one or more specified features, including a detachable magazine, a pistol grip, or a barrel shroud. The TEC-9 gun, with its detachable magazine and second handgrip, falls under this definition and is thus banned as an assault weapon in Delaware. Delaware law also requires a permit to purchase or carry any handgun, including TEC-9 guns, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been involuntarily committed to a mental health facility.

Georgia

Georgia has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Georgia law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Georgia law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Georgia law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses, airports, and bars, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

Idaho

Idaho has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Idaho law allows any law-abiding resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Idaho law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Idaho law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and airports, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

Iowa

Iowa has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Iowa law allows any resident who is at least 21 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Iowa law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Iowa law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses, airports, and schools, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

Kentucky

Kentucky has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Kentucky law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Kentucky law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Kentucky law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses, airports, and schools, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been involuntarily committed to a mental health facility.

Maine

Maine has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Maine law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Maine law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Maine law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and airports, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been involuntarily committed to a mental health facility.

Mississippi

Mississippi has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Mississippi law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Mississippi law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Mississippi law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses, airports, and schools, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

Montana

Montana has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Montana law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Montana law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Montana law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses, airports, and schools, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

Nebraska

Nebraska has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Nebraska law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Nebraska law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Nebraska law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and jails, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been involuntarily committed to a mental health facility.

Nevada

Nevada has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Nevada law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Nevada law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Nevada law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses, airports, and schools, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

North Dakota

North Dakota has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. North Dakota law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. North Dakota law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, North Dakota law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and airports, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

Oregon

Oregon has a relatively moderate gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Oregon law requires a background check for all firearms sales by licensed dealers, including those made at gun shows, and extended this requirement to private party sales in 2015, through a law known as the “gun show loophole” closure. Oregon law also allows local governments to regulate firearms in certain public places, such as parks and government buildings, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been involuntarily committed to a mental health facility.

South Dakota

South Dakota has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. South Dakota law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. South Dakota law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, South Dakota law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and airports, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

Vermont

Vermont has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Vermont law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Vermont law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, without a license or permit. However, Vermont law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses, airports, and schools, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been involuntarily committed to a mental health facility.

West Virginia

West Virginia has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. West Virginia law allows any resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. West Virginia law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, West Virginia law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and airports, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

Wyoming

Wyoming has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell in the state, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Wyoming law allows any law-abiding resident who is at least 18 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, without a waiting period or background check. Wyoming law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Wyoming law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses and schools, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been involuntarily committed to a mental health facility.

District of Columbia

The District of Columbia has a relatively strict gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are among the firearms that are subject to regulation. The District of Columbia law defines assault weapons as semiautomatic rifles and pistols that have one or more specified features, such as a detachable magazine, a pistol grip, or a folding or telescoping stock. The TEC-9 gun, with its detachable magazine and second handgrip, falls under this definition and is thus banned as an assault weapon in the District of Columbia. The District of Columbia law also requires a license to purchase or carry any firearm, including TEC-9 guns, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been involuntarily committed to a mental health facility.

Guam

Guam has a relatively permissive gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are generally legal to own and sell on the island, subject to certain limitations and restrictions. Guam law allows any resident who is at least 21 years old and not prohibited from owning a firearm to purchase a TEC-9 gun from a licensed firearms dealer or a private party, with a waiting period and background check. Guam law also allows the open and concealed carrying of firearms in most public places, including parks, restaurants, and retail stores, and the carrying of firearms on school property, by licensed individuals who have received special training and approval. However, Guam law prohibits the carrying of firearms in certain places, such as courthouses, airports, and schools, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been adjudicated as mentally ill.

Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico has a relatively strict gun control regime, and TEC-9 guns are among the firearms that are subject to regulation. Puerto Rico law defines assault weapons as semiautomatic firearms that have a detachable magazine and at least two specified features, such as a pistol grip, a bayonet mount, or a barrel shroud. The TEC-9 gun, with its detachable magazine and second handgrip, falls under this definition and is thus banned as an assault weapon in Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico law also requires a license to purchase or carry any firearm, including TEC-9 guns, and imposes criminal penalties for the possession or use of firearms by certain categories of individuals, such as convicted felons and those who have been involuntarily committed to a mental health facility.

Conclusion

TEC-9 guns, like other semiautomatic pistols, are subject to various laws and regulations at the federal, state, and local levels. Some states have chosen to ban TEC-9 guns or impose additional restrictions on their possession and use, while others have opted for more permissive regimes that emphasize the rights of gun owners to self-defense and liberty. The legal issues arising from these differing approaches involve overlapping and conflicting constitutional principles, such as the Second Amendment, the Commerce Clause, the Due Process Clause, and the Equal Protection Clause, among others. Ultimately, any effective solution to the problem of gun violence requires not only a legal framework that balances public safety and individual rights, but also a cultural shift that embraces tolerance, respect, and empathy as the foundations of a peaceful and civil society.

TEC 9 – OVERVIEW, CASES AND DECISIONS TIMELINE

The Tech-9 is a semi-automatic firearm that has become infamous for its use in mass shootings. As a result, laws regulating guns like the Tech-9 have become hotly debated, with supporters citing concerns about public safety and opponents emphasizing the Second Amendment’s protection of the right to keep and bear arms. In this article, we will discuss the major court cases related to Tech-9 laws and how they have impacted the interpretation of firearms regulation in the United States.

1994 – The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act

The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 is a federal law that banned the manufacture, possession, and transfer of a class of firearms known as “assault weapons.” The law aimed to reduce firearm violence by limiting access to weapons that could cause extensive harm quickly, such as the Tech-9. This law helped set the stage for the debate on firearms regulation, particularly in the context of mass shootings.

1994 – United States v. Funderburk

In United States v. Funderburk, the defendant was convicted of multiple firearm-related offenses, including the possession of a Tech-9 pistol. The defendant argued that the firearm did not qualify as an assault weapon according to the newly enacted federal ban. However, the court found that the Tech-9 was precisely the type of firearm that the law was intended to target. Funderburk set the tone for other cases contributing to the ongoing firearms regulation debate.

1997 – United States v. Zuniga

In the United States v. Zuniga case, the defendant was charged with numerous offenses, including possession of a Tech-9. This case featured a discussion of the Second Amendment’s applicability to firearm regulation. The Court ultimately found that the Second Amendment did not preclude federal regulation of firearms, but rather, established the right to bear arms to complement the broader system of government that the Constitution established.

2002 – United States v. Ramdass

In United States v. Ramdass, the defendant was charged with trafficking in firearms, including Tech-9 pistols. The case was notable for its discussion of the applicability of “straw purchases” in firearms transactions. The court decided that simply because an individual has a firearm, they are not entitled to possess additional firearms. The practice of buying firearms on behalf of another, without proper documentation, was deemed illegal.

2018 – Maryland v. Kulbicki

Maryland v. Kulbicki provided some clarity on the extent of the Second Amendment’s right to bear arms. The case examined a Maryland law that prohibited individuals from possessing any firearm that is a copy or duplicate of an enumerated firearm. The defendant in Kulbicki was convicted of a crime involving a gun akin to a Tech-9. The court upheld the constitutionality of the law reasoning that the Second Amendment does not protect all types of firearms and that the state had an inherent right to regulate firearms.

2020 – Wilson v. Cook County

Wilson v. Cook County was a landmark court case in the effort to regulate Tech-9s and similar firearms. The case scrutinized an Illinois law that banned the possession and transfer of assault weapons and large magazines. The plaintiff, Wilson, argued that the law was unconstitutional as it violated the Second Amendment. However, Justice John Paul Stevens upheld the law, citing the state’s capacity to enforce its own laws to protect its citizens.

Conclusion

The use of firearms like Tech-9s has triggered debates about the need for stronger regulation of these weapons to protect public safety. The key court cases mentioned above demonstrate how Tech-9 laws have been hotly debated and how courts have tried to balance Second Amendment rights with maintaining public safety. The courts have consistently allowed government control over weapons that are not necessary for self-defense or have been shown to cause considerable damage. Ultimately, judicial decisions regarding Tech-9 laws will continue to shape firearms regulation and the ongoing debate on gun control.

 

Understanding the Laws Surrounding Tec-9 Firearms

Introduction

Firearms laws in the United States are complex and vary from state to state, making it essential for gun owners and enthusiasts to be well-informed about the regulations that govern their firearms. The Tec-9 is a semi-automatic firearm that has gained notoriety due to its use in criminal activities. In this article, we will explore the laws surrounding Tec-9 firearms in the United States, with a focus on federal regulations and their implications.

The Tec-9 Overview

The Tec-9, also known as the Intratec TEC-9, is a semi-automatic handgun known for its unique appearance and ease of customization. It was designed by George Kellgren in the 1980s and was initially manufactured by the company Intratec. The Tec-9 gained popularity due to its affordability and ease of modification, making it a subject of concern for law enforcement agencies.

Federal Regulations

  1. National Firearms Act (NFA): The Tec-9 is not classified as a National Firearms Act (NFA) item, which means it is not subject to the additional restrictions imposed on items like machine guns, short-barreled rifles, and suppressors. However, the configuration of a Tec-9 can affect its legal status.
  1. Firearm Owners Protection Act (FOPA): Under FOPA, certain features of the Tec-9, such as the threaded barrel, can make it subject to federal restrictions if configured as a short-barreled rifle. It is essential to be aware of the regulations regarding barrel length, overall length, and other modifications that may alter its classification.
  1. Gun Control Act (GCA): The GCA regulates the sale and transfer of firearms across state lines. When purchasing a Tec-9 from a licensed dealer, buyers must complete a background check and adhere to all federal and state laws. Additionally, individuals prohibited from owning firearms, such as convicted felons, are barred from acquiring a Tec-9.

State-Specific Regulations

In addition to federal laws, state regulations play a crucial role in governing the possession, sale, and use of Tec-9 firearms. These laws can vary significantly from one state to another and can include restrictions on magazine capacity, waiting periods, and additional background checks. Some states may even prohibit the ownership of Tec-9 firearms altogether.

For example, California has banned the sale and possession of the Tec-9 by name, making it illegal for individuals to own this firearm in the state. On the other hand, some states may have fewer restrictions, allowing law-abiding citizens to own Tec-9 firearms with proper permits and compliance with state laws.

Firearm Modifications

The customization and modification of Tec-9 firearms can be a gray area in terms of legality. While it is legal to modify firearms, certain changes can turn a legal firearm into an illegal one. Some common modifications that can raise legal concerns include:

  1. Shortening the Barrel: As mentioned earlier, shortening the barrel of a Tec-9 can subject it to federal NFA regulations. It is essential to be aware of the legal requirements regarding barrel length to avoid unintentional violations.
  1. Adding a Suppressor: Adding a suppressor (also known as a silencer) to a Tec-9 is subject to federal regulations. Obtaining a suppressor legally requires adhering to NFA rules, which include a background check, registration, and the payment of a tax stamp.
  1. High-Capacity Magazines: Some states impose restrictions on the magazine capacity of firearms, including Tec-9s. Ensure that you are aware of your state’s specific regulations regarding magazine capacity to avoid legal issues.

Conclusion

The laws surrounding Tec-9 firearms in the United States can be complex, with federal regulations setting a baseline while state laws can add additional layers of complexity. It is crucial for gun owners and enthusiasts to stay informed about the laws that apply to their specific circumstances and locations. Ignorance of the law is not a valid defense, so it is essential to seek legal counsel or consult local law enforcement if you have any doubts or questions regarding the legality of your Tec-9 firearm or any modifications you plan to make. Complying with all federal and state regulations is essential to ensure that you remain within the bounds of the law when owning and using a Tec-9 firearm.


The Intricate Mechanics and Legal Landscape of the TEC-9 Gun

Introduction

The TEC-9, a semi-automatic handgun with a controversial reputation, has garnered attention for its unique design and its involvement in criminal activities. This article delves into the intricate mechanics of the TEC-9 firearm, exploring its specifications and features. Additionally, we examine the laws and regulations surrounding the TEC-9, as authorities strive to balance Second Amendment rights with public safety concerns.

The TEC-9: An Overview

Developed in the late 1980s by Intratec, a firearms manufacturer, the TEC-9 is a semi-automatic pistol known for its unconventional appearance and design. The gun features a large magazine capacity, making it capable of holding up to 32 rounds of 9mm ammunition. One of its distinctive characteristics is its open-bolt design, where the bolt remains in a retracted position until the trigger is pulled, initiating the firing sequence.

The TEC-9’s lightweight polymer frame and compact size contribute to its portability, making it attractive to certain segments of the firearms market. Its appearance, however, often draws comparisons to submachine guns, leading to concerns about its potential misuse in criminal activities.

Legal Regulations and Restrictions

The legality of the TEC-9 varies significantly based on jurisdiction and specific firearm regulations. In the United States, where the TEC-9 is most commonly associated, the gun’s status is influenced by federal and state laws.

Federal Regulations: The TEC-9 falls under the purview of the National Firearms Act (NFA) of 1934, which regulates the possession and transfer of certain types of firearms, including machine guns and short-barreled rifles. While the TEC-9 itself is not classified as a machine gun, certain modifications and accessories could potentially lead to legal issues if they cross into NFA-regulated territory.

Assault Weapons Bans: Some states and localities in the U.S. have enacted laws that ban or restrict the ownership and possession of assault weapons, including firearms with features that make them visually similar to military-grade weapons. The TEC-9’s appearance has contributed to its inclusion in these bans in various jurisdictions.

Firearm Modifications: The TEC-9’s open-bolt design, coupled with its potential for customization, has led to concerns about illegal conversions to fully automatic fire. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) has issued guidelines to prevent these conversions and enforce compliance with federal regulations.

Background Checks and Waiting Periods: In many states, individuals purchasing a TEC-9 or any firearm must undergo a background check to determine eligibility. These checks aim to prevent individuals with certain criminal records or mental health issues from obtaining firearms. Some states also enforce waiting periods between the purchase and possession of a firearm.

Serial Number and Registration: The TEC-9, like all firearms, is required to have a unique serial number for tracking purposes. This number is crucial for identifying the firearm’s history and ownership.

Importation and Sale Restrictions: The TEC-9 has faced importation restrictions due to concerns about its potential misuse. The Gun Control Act of 1968 includes provisions to prevent the importation of firearms not suitable for sporting purposes, which has impacted the availability of the TEC-9 in certain markets.

The TEC-9’s Legacy

The TEC-9’s controversial reputation stems from its association with criminal activities and mass shootings. Its high magazine capacity, relatively easy concealment, and quick firing capability have contributed to its notoriety. The TEC-9 gained particular infamy in the 1990s when it was reportedly used in multiple high-profile incidents, prompting debates about the need for stricter gun control measures.

Efforts to Address Concerns

In response to public concerns about firearms like the TEC-9, lawmakers have proposed and enacted various measures to address potential dangers. These measures range from restricting certain features and accessories associated with assault weapons to implementing background checks and waiting periods for firearm purchases.

Conclusion

The TEC-9, with its unique design and features, occupies a significant place in discussions about gun control, public safety, and the Second Amendment. As lawmakers strive to strike a balance between individual rights and collective security, the legal regulations surrounding the TEC-9 continue to evolve. Ultimately, understanding the intricacies of the TEC-9’s mechanics and legal landscape is crucial to engaging in informed conversations about firearms regulation and public safety.


What is a TEC-9?

A TEC-9 (TEC DC-9) is an “assault pistol” that was developed and manufactured Intratec Firearms.   The gun is also known as an AB-10 if it was manufactured after 1994.  The gun has a reputation of being used in numerous mass killings and crimes in the United States because it has a large magazine and is fairly cheap.

Many criminals have converted the fun into a fully automatic weapon.

The weapon serves little purpose to a professional shooter because it’s heavy and its accuracy is unreliable.

Gun Characteristics

The gun was designed by George Kellgren and manufactured by Intratec.  The original was manufactured up to 1990, and the DC9 was manufactured until 1994. The gun fires 9mm rounds and is semi-automatic and blowback-operated.  The feed systems include a 10, 20, 32, or 50-round magazine, and a 72-round magazine was also made available for the gun as well.  The fun is effective up to 50 meters.

Mass Killings and the TEC-9

The gun has been used in multiple mass shootings in the United States, and its notorious reputation placed it on the 1994 Federal Assault Weapons Ban.  The gun was involved in the following mass shootings:

101 California Street Shootings

On July 1, 1993, Gian Luigi Ferri, a failed businessman, walked into an office building at 101 California Street.  Ferri had installed hellfire triggers on a pair of TEC-9 pistols to make the nearly automatic, and he killed 8 people and injured six during the shooting.  Ferri eventually committed suicide as he was surrounded by police.

Columbine High School

On April 20, 1999, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold killed 13 people and injured 21 people before they committed suicide.  Eric Harris used a 12-guage Savage-Springfield 67H pump-action shotgun along with a Hi-Point 995 Carbine 9 mm carbine.  Dylan used a 9 mm TEC-9 and a 12-guage Stevens 311D double-barreled sawed-off shotgun.

Legislation Used to Ban the TEC-9

After Patrick Edward Purdy used a Type 56 Assault Rifle to kill five children and wound another 29 children at the Cleveland Elementary School in Stockton, California, the state of California passed the Roberti-Roos Assault Weapons Control Act of 1989 that banned certain assault weapons including the TEC-9.

The handgun and 19 other firearms were also banned in the United Stated in 1994 after the Federal Assault Weapons Ban, but the ban expired in 2004.

A case was also brought against Intratec after the plaintiff argued the manufacturer was liable for the 101 California Street Shootings.  The case made its way to the Supreme Court in 2001, but the Court concluded Intratec was not responsible for the attack.

Conclusion

Multiple attempts have been made to control access to assault weapons, but pseudo-commando type shootings are still occurring in the United States.  Some of these shootings are enacted with the use of legal handguns and weapons.  So, how do we stop mass shootings if gun laws in the United States cannot prevent such shootings?  The answer seems to lie in detecting of a pseudo-commando before the crime occurs.